We know development. Here is what our scientists think about it.
Why the Lung Is Worth the Complexity The lungs offer a drug delivery surface area of roughly 70 to 100 square metres, a thin alveolar membrane, rich vasculature, and, for respiratory conditions, direct access to the target tissue. For drugs targeting the lung, inhalation delivers drug precisely where it is needed, at doses a fraction […]
Excipients Are Not Passive The word inactive ingredient implies that excipients do nothing. That is a convenient regulatory classification, not a pharmacological reality. Excipients interact with APIs chemically. They compete for water. They affect the pH microenvironment within a tablet. They adsorb onto drug particles and change their surface properties. They can accelerate degradation pathways, […]
The Solubility Wall Oral bioavailability depends on two things: how much drug dissolves in the gastrointestinal tract and how much of the dissolved drug crosses the intestinal wall into the bloodstream. For BCS Class I drugs, both happen efficiently and bioavailability is high. For BCS Class II drugs, the drug dissolves poorly and absorption is […]
The Hardest Drugs to Make Oncology is consistently the largest therapeutic area in pharmaceutical development pipelines, and it is consistently the most technically demanding. The molecules tend to be highly potent. The patient populations are often defined by specific biomarkers, requiring precise clinical supply and diagnostic coordination. The tolerability window is narrow, making dose accuracy […]
The Model That Changed Biotech Twenty years ago, a credible pharmaceutical development programme needed laboratories, equipment, and scientists on the payroll. The idea that a five-person team could advance a drug candidate from lead optimisation to Phase II without owning a single centrifuge would have seemed implausible. Today it is routine. The virtual biotech model, […]
Deviations Are Not the Problem. The Response Is. In any GMP manufacturing environment, deviations will happen. A process parameter drifts outside its validated range. A raw material fails an incoming test. A batch record is completed incorrectly. These events are not evidence of a dysfunctional organisation. They are the normal noise of complex manufacturing. What […]
Why Your CDMO’s Inspection Record Is Your Problem Too When a regulatory agency inspects a contract manufacturing organisation, it is not just inspecting the CDMO. It is inspecting the GMP compliance of every product made at that site, including yours. A Form 483 observation or a warning letter to your CDMO does not automatically stop […]
Formulating Oligonucleotide Therapies: siRNA, ASO, and Beyond A Pipeline That Has Finally Arrived Oligonucleotide therapies have been in development for decades. The science was compelling from the start: target any gene in the human genome with exquisite specificity by designing a short nucleotide sequence that binds the corresponding mRNA. Switch off disease-causing genes. Restore lost […]
The Document Nobody Reads Until Something Goes Wrong Quality agreements are one of those documents that get negotiated carefully, signed by the right people, filed away, and never looked at again. Until something goes wrong. When a GMP deviation occurs, when a batch fails, when a regulatory inspection raises a question about oversight, the quality […]
The Problem with Crushing Adult Tablets A remarkable proportion of medicines given to children are unlicensed for paediatric use. Nurses crush adult tablets, pharmacists compound extemporaneous liquids, and parents split scored tablets into fractions. None of these workarounds are ideal. All of them introduce dose uncertainty. Some destroy formulation features, like modified release coatings, that […]
Why Patients Want Prefilled Syringes Ask a patient which they would prefer for a monthly self-injection: a glass vial, a needle, and a syringe they have to assemble themselves, or a prefilled autoinjector they click and hold against their arm. The answer is obvious. Prefilled syringes and autoinjectors have become the standard delivery format for […]
A Test That Needs to Mean Something Dissolution testing is one of the most widely performed analyses in pharmaceutical development. It is also one of the most frequently misunderstood. A dissolution test that cannot distinguish a good batch from a bad one is not a quality control tool. It is a formality. And a test […]
